Chemical characterization and assessment of waste products from palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil and sheep tallow as fat raw materials protected from ruminal degradation

Resumen

The chemical characteristics, before and after filtering, of the waste products from the African palm (Elaeis guineensis) oil and of the sheep tallow diluted at 50, 92 and 121º C were determined. Residual water from the filtrate and the profile of fatty acids were analyzed as possible sources of protected fats from ruminal degradation. A completely randomized design was applied with three replications for each variable. Dry matter (P < 0.0001), fat (P = 0.0004) and fiber (P = 0.0018) were higher respectively in the waste products of the filtered palm oil, while the protein was 3.06 % lower (P = 0.0019) in the filtered waste oil products than in the unfiltered oil. The descriptive statistics indicated predominance of the palmitic (43.13 %) and oleic (41.47 %) fatty acids in the waste products of the filtered palm oil. In sheep tallow, diluted at different temperatures, there were higher concentrations of myristic fatty acids (P < 0.0001= (2.04 %) and the myristoleic (P = 0.0006) respectively at 92ºC. The oleic and palmitic fatty acids showed the highest coefficients of variation. The oleic presented higher concentration (P = 0.0048) when the extraction temperature was of 50 ºC (36.76 %) and the linoleic was higher (P = 0.0003) at 120 ºC. It is concluded that waste products from palm oil maintain the characteristics of the palm oil and that their soaps could have a performance similar to that of commercial fats from palm oil. The characteristic reported for bovine tallow could be valid for soaps produced from sheep tallow. The utilization of waste products from palm oil and sheep tallow is recommended for producing protected fats from ruminal degradation.

Key words: fat raw materials, chemical assessment