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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cjas</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Cuban J. Agric. Sci.</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2079-3480</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Ediciones ICA</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00009</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>PASTURE SCIENCE</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Mineral composition of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115, as biomass bank, after grazing</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Fortes</surname>
						<given-names>Dayleni</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1">*</xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Herrera</surname>
						<given-names>R. S.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>García</surname>
						<given-names>M.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Cruz</surname>
						<given-names>Ana M.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Romero</surname>
						<given-names>Aida</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Aptdo. 24 San José de la Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba</institution>
					<institution content-type="normalized">Instituto de Ciencia Animal</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Instituto de Ciencia Animal</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<city>San José de la Lajas</city>
						<state>Mayabeque</state>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="CU">Cuba</country>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>*</label>Email: <email>dfortes@ica.co.cu</email>
				</corresp>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>05</day>
				<month>12</month>
				<year>2019</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<month>12</month>
				<year>2019</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>53</volume>
			<issue>4</issue>
			<fpage>425</fpage>
			<lpage>435</lpage>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>21</day>
					<month>01</month>
					<year>2019</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>04</day>
					<month>02</month>
					<year>2019</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<abstract>
				<title>ABSTRACT</title>
				<p>The objective of this study was to analyze the composition of some mineral nutrients of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 after grazing when used as a biomass bank. For this, a completely randomized sampling design with 15 repetitions was used. Treatments consisted on regrowth age or grass rest from the time of departure of animals from the paddock (time zero) and in accordance with the biomass bank technology. Results indicated that contents of ash, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium had a variable performance, while nitrogen was reduced with the regrowth age for all grazing cycles of this technology. Ash contents ranged between 3.89% and 15.41% (P &lt;0.01), while calcium and phosphorus were between 0.30 and 0.83% (P &lt;0.05) and between 0.17 and 0.43% (P &lt;0.05), respectively. All the studied indicators had higher values in leaves than in stems for tillers and for residue with their new growth. Phosphorus and magnesium contents found in leaves and stems for some regrowth ages were lower than those required for proper growth and development of the grass, so the use of maintenance fertilization might be necessary. It is recommended to use these results to design other management options. </p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<title>Key words:</title>
				<kwd><italic>Cuba CT-115</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>ash</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>nitrogen</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>calcium and phosphorus</italic></kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="4"/>
				<table-count count="12"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="34"/>
				<page-count count="11"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<sec sec-type="intro">
			<title>INTRODUCTION</title>
			<p><italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 is widely used in Cuba for its favorable growth characteristics, such as lower resistance to cutting, greater amount of leaves, less height than King grass and shorter internode distance as age progresses. For this reason, it offers better possibilities for harvesting as a biomass bank, including grazing (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">Crespo and Martínez 2016</xref>).</p>
			<p>Mineral composition of grass is very important from the physiological point of view since it is essential to establish efficient systems of nutrition and plant management (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">Bloom and Smith 2014</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">Rogóz and Tabak 2017</xref>). It also constitutes an essential source for the basic supply of mineral elements, which are necessary for animal feed (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">French 2017</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">Villalobos and Sánchez 2018</xref>).</p>
			<p>Taking these aspects into account, the objective of this study was to analyze the composition of some mineral nutrients of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 when used as a biomass bank.</p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="materials|methods">
			<title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title>
			<p><italic>Location, weather and soil.</italic> The research began with the determination of homogeneity of the area and the way to perform sampling that would allow to obtain reliable, accurate, repeatable and representative results (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">Fortes <italic>et al.</italic> 2007</xref>). The study was conducted in the dairy B of the Institute of Animal Science (ICA, in Spanish), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, located between 22º 53 N and 82º 02 W, at 80 m.o.s.l. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">Anon 1989</xref>), in a previously established paddock of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115. </p>
			<p>Soil was classified as fluffy gray brown according to <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">Hernández <italic>et al.</italic> (2015)</xref>. Before starting the experimental stage, 10 soil samples were taken in the diagonals of the paddock length, between 0 and 15 cm deep, with a helicoidal auger. They were air dried, homogenized in a mortar and passed through a sieve with 0.5 mm mesh. They were packed in glass flasks with hermetic seal and stored at room temperature until analysis. Organic matter (Walkley and Black, cited by Jackson 1970), nitrogen (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">AOAC 2016</xref>), phosphorus (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">Oniani 1964</xref>), calcium and magnesium (Maslova, cited by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">Paneque 1965</xref>) were determined. </p>
			<p>Chemical composition of soil appears in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">table 1</xref>, data presented are the means of composite samples that were taken. The pH was slightly acid and N and K contents were relatively low (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">Fortes 2013</xref>).</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t1">
					<label>Table 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Chemical composition of soil of the experimental area</title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col span="4"/>
							<col span="2"/>
							<col/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" colspan="4">%</th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">mg.100g -1 </th>
								<th align="center" rowspan="2">pH</th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center">N</th>
								<th align="center">OM</th>
								<th align="center">Ca</th>
								<th align="center">Mg</th>
								<th align="center">P</th>
								<th align="center">K</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="center">0.19</td>
								<td align="center">3.20</td>
								<td align="center">2.53</td>
								<td align="center">0.26</td>
								<td align="center">2.15</td>
								<td align="center">5.44</td>
								<td align="center">5.87</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>
				<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref> shows the accumulated rainfall and mean, minimum and maximum monthly temperature, during the year of experimentation, data taken from the ICA Meteorological Station. </p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f1">
					<label>Figure 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Performance of the accumulate of precipitations and temperatures during the experimental period</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2079-3480-cjas-53-04-425-gf1.gif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p><italic>Treatments and design.</italic> Treatments consisted on regrowth ages or grass rest from the time of departure of the animals from the paddock (time zero), as follows: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of regrowth of grazing cycle one; 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of regrowth of cycle two; 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of regrowth of grazing cycle three and 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 days of regrowth of grazing cycle four (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">table 2</xref>); and according to the biomass bank technology (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">Martínez and Herrera 2006</xref>). For sample taking, a homogeneity study of the selected area was carried out and the appropriate sample size was determined for the morphophysiological study of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 in grazing. Results showed that the area turned out to be homogeneous, and it was determined that 15 samples (tillers as experimental units) are sufficient to accurately indicate the performance of the indicators of the studied population (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">Fortes <italic>et al.</italic> 2007</xref>).</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t2">
					<label>Table 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Distribution of rest cycles during the experiment</title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col/>
							<col/>
							<col/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="left">Rest cycles</th>
								<th align="center">Date</th>
								<th align="center">Duration, days</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="left">Cycle 1</td>
								<td align="left">December 2006- March 2007</td>
								<td align="center">90</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="left">Cycle 2</td>
								<td align="left">March-May 2007</td>
								<td align="center">60</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="left">Cycle 3</td>
								<td align="left">May-July 2007</td>
								<td align="center">45</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="left">Cycle 4</td>
								<td align="left">August- November 2007</td>
								<td align="center">105</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p><italic>Procedure.</italic> A paddock of 0.75 ha was integrated to the technology of biomass banks (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">Martínez and Herrera 2006</xref>). Fifteen samples (tillers as experimental units) were selected, at the previously mentioned regrowth ages for each grazing cycle. Tillers were always divided into residue (rejection with their new growth) and regrowth (tiller). Then, they were separated into leaf, stem and dead material (DM) of the residue, and leaf and stem of the regrowth. </p>
			<p>For chemical analysis, samples were dried at 60 °C in a Memmert air circulation oven and ground in a hammer mill (Culatte typs MFC) with a 1 mm diameter sieve, packed in hermetically sealed glass flasks and stored at room temperature until their processing.</p>
			<p>Contents of ash, nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) were determined according to the methodology described by the <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">AOAC (2016)</xref>. </p>
			<p><italic>Statistical analysis.</italic> Analysis of variance was carried out according to completely randomized design and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan (1955)</xref> test was used for the comparison of means in the necessary cases. All analyzes were performed by duplicate per treatment. For data processing, the statistical package <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">IBM-SPSS, version 22 (2013)</xref> was used. </p>
		</sec>
		<sec sec-type="results|discussion">
			<title>RESULTS AND DISCUSSION</title>
			<p>
				<xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table 3</xref> shows ash contents for all grazing cycles during the evaluation year. Differences (P&lt;0.01) were observed among regrowth ages for leaves and stems of tillers and residue, except in the leaves of tillers of grazing cycle three. Ashes of leaves were generally higher than stems, and the values ranged between 3.89% and 15.41%. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">Herrera <italic>et al.</italic> (2002)</xref>, when studying this indicator in CT-115 under grazing conditions, found higher ash contents in leaves than in stems and varied between 8-9% and from 4.5 to 7%, respectively. On the other hand, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">Valenciaga <italic>et al.</italic> (2001)</xref> reported lower values of 4.01% in leaves and higher, in stem, of 7.04%, which could be due to the different management conditions.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t3">
					<label>Table 3</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Contents of ash (%) in <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col span="5"/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="justify" rowspan="2">Age, Days</th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="justify">Ash leaf</th>
								<th align="justify">Ash stem</th>
								<th align="justify">Ash leaf</th>
								<th align="justify">Ash stem</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">12.97<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">4.02<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">9.57ª</td>
								<td align="justify">5.10ª</td>
								<td align="justify">12.34ª</td>
								<td align="justify">3.89ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">8.94<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">8.62<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.29ª</td>
								<td align="justify">4.94<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">8.76<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">8.16<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.37ª</td>
								<td align="justify">4.45<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">8.44<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">8.94<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.50ª</td>
								<td align="justify">4.89<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">8.56<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">8.30<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">14.21<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.25<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">8.52<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.95<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.77ª</td>
								<td align="justify">4.69<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21***</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">11.33ª</td>
								<td align="justify">6.35ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">11.83<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.32ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">10.52ª</td>
								<td align="justify">5.02ª</td>
								<td align="justify">12.49<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.43<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">10.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">9.34<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.78<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.50<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">8.96<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">10.34<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">11.96<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.67<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.14***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.20***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.18**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.17**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">4.47ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">12.05</td>
								<td align="justify">5.37ª</td>
								<td align="justify">13.77ª</td>
								<td align="justify">5.00<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">12.33</td>
								<td align="justify">6.17ª</td>
								<td align="justify">14.03<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.11<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">11.89</td>
								<td align="justify">8.27<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">15.12<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.25<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">11.25</td>
								<td align="justify">7.65<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">15.35<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.53<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34</td>
								<td align="justify">0.30**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0 </td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">15.41ª</td>
								<td align="justify">5.48<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15 </td>
								<td align="justify">11.52<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.85<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">14.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.71ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30 </td>
								<td align="justify">12.08<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">8.13<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">13.85<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.16<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45 </td>
								<td align="justify">11.53<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">9.25<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">13.13<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">6.64ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60 </td>
								<td align="justify">12.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">7.07<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">14.67<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">4.58<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75 </td>
								<td align="justify">10.17ª</td>
								<td align="justify">4.34ª</td>
								<td align="justify">13.91<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">4.11<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90 </td>
								<td align="justify">11.15<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">12.91<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">4.91<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">105 </td>
								<td align="justify">11.16<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">5.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">13.50<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">4.65<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">EE±/Sign. </td>
								<td align="justify">0.25***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.43***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26***</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN1">
							<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
						</fn>
						<fn id="TFN2">
							<p>***P &lt;0.001 ** P &lt;0.01</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>On the other hand, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">Valenciaga <italic>et al.</italic> (2009)</xref> found ash values in <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 that increased with age, up to 12.64% for 140 days of regrowth. However, in this study, the contents were higher than those reported by these authors and the performance with age was variable. On the other hand, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">Correa <italic>et al.</italic> (2016)</xref> obtained higher ash content in Kikuyo grass at 45 days than at 80 days of regrowth; while <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">Kozloski <italic>et al.</italic> (2005)</xref>, in samples of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Mott harvested between 30 and 90 days of regrowth, did not find large differences in this indicator. </p>
			<p>
				<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref> shows nitrogen contents for all studied grazing cycles. Nitrogen had higher value in leaves than in stems in tillers and in the residue. Nitrogen content had a tendency of reduction with age in the plant. </p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f2">
					<label>Figure 2</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Nitrogen content (%) of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="2079-3480-cjas-53-04-425-gf2.jpg"> </graphic>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>This occurs because this nutrient has greater importance in the younger parts. Its absorption gradually decreases when the plant physiologically ages or reaches maturity. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">Gándara <italic>et al.</italic> (2017)</xref> also found reductions in nitrogen and protein with grass age. In this sense, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">Pérez <italic>et al.</italic> (2004)</xref> state that nitrogen content in plants decreases during growth, and has a high correlation with the accumulation of dry matter, more than other indicators and for any growth stage and regrowth age. These authors found reductions in N contents in Brachiaria hibrido leaves as the age of the plant progressed.</p>
			<p>
				<xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Table 4</xref> shows calcium contents in the four grazing cycles of the technology. In all cases, differences (P &lt;0.05) were observed with regrowth age, in leaves and stems, except in the leaf of residue of grazing cycle one, the values ranged between 0.30 and 0.83% of DM. Despite the significant differences found among ages, their variation was in a narrow range. In this sense, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">Valenciaga <italic>et al.</italic> (2009)</xref> found no differences among regrowth ages for this indicator in Cuba CT-115. Calcium contents were always superior in sheets at 0.30% of DM, level established by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha and Mc Dowell (2012)</xref> as critical for the animal feeding. Similar results were reported by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">Clavero <italic>et al.</italic> (1994)</xref>.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t4">
					<label>Table 4</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Calcium content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 </title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col span="5"/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center">Ca Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">Ca Stem</th>
								<th align="center">Ca Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">Ca Stem</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.79</td>
								<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.47ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.82</td>
								<td align="justify">0.54<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.69<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.82</td>
								<td align="justify">0.62<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.70<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.54<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.83</td>
								<td align="justify">0.58<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.64ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.58<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.82</td>
								<td align="justify">0.60<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.53<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.79</td>
								<td align="justify">0.64<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.64<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.82</td>
								<td align="justify">0.65<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.41ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.42ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.40<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.43ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.63<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.29ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.34ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.38<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.371<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.004***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.63ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.45ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.48ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.39<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.63ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.46ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.31<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.31ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.49<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.40<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.60<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.38ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.52ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.54ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.37ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.55<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.51ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.58ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.61<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.31ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.54ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.33<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">105</td>
								<td align="justify">0.52<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.33<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.31<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN3">
							<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
						</fn>
						<fn id="TFN4">
							<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 * P &lt;0.05</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>Values of calcium contents found in the leaf were always higher than in the stems. Similar results to these were reported by <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">Herrera <italic>et al.</italic> (2008)</xref> for all the studied Cenchrus varieties including that of this study. This performance is contradictory, taking into account that calcium plays an important role as a cementing element in the cell wall and it is precisely in the leaves, where the lowest cell wall content is found.</p>
			<p>For all grazing cycles, phosphorus contents (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t5">table 5</xref>) showed differences (P &lt;0.05) of this indicator with regrowth age. In the leaves, phosphorus contents showed a reduction (P&lt;0.01) with the age of the plant, except for grazing cycle one, values ranged between 0.17 and 0.43% of DM. In the case of stems, there was no fixed tendency to increase or decrease with age, but in all cases the contents were variable and ranged between 0.15 and 0.26% of DM. In the literature, reductions of this element are reported with the age of the plant (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">Santiago <italic>et al.</italic> 2016</xref>) However, in this study, the performance was variable.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t5">
					<label>Table 5</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Phosphorus content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col span="5"/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center">P Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">P Stem</th>
								<th align="center">P Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">P Stem</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bcd</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.33ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.17<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.27<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.26ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.43ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.33ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.22ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.27<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.18ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.15ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.16<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.20<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.16<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.17<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.17<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">105</td>
								<td align="justify">0.20<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign. </td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN5">
							<p><sup>abc</sup>Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
						</fn>
						<fn id="TFN6">
							<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 * P &lt;0.05</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>Leaves had higher phosphorus values than stems in general. This performance is logical taking into account the multiple functions that this element develops in plant metabolism, since it is part of a wide range of molecules such as phosphate sugars, nucleic acids, coenzymes, and some others, in addition to controlling different metabolic processes that occur primarily in the leaves (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">Gardner <italic>et al.</italic> 2017</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">Malhotra <italic>et al.</italic> 2018</xref>).</p>
			<p>Phosphorus requirements for optimal plant growth are in the range of 0.3 to 0.5% of dry matter for the period of plant growth according to <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">Vistoso <italic>et al.</italic> (2017)</xref>. However, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">Epstein and Bloom (2005)</xref>, as well as <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">Dominguez <italic>et al.</italic> (2012)</xref> consider that a content superior to 0.2% in the dry mass constitutes an adequate tissue level of phosphorus in plants. Taking this into consideration for some regrowth ages, phosphorus was below the appropriate levels for the metabolism so it could be suggested the use of phosphorus fertilization to the soil to fulfill this deficiency in the plant. For animal feed, values lower than 0.25% of DM are considered as critical level (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha and Mc Dowell 2012</xref>). In some grazing cycles, values below this were found, so it is possible that some type of supplementation is needed in animals to cover this deficit.</p>
			<p>Magnesium contents were always higher in leaves than in stems (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t6">table 6</xref>). Chloroplasts of plants are rich in Mg because the main function of this element is its role as a central atom of chlorophyll molecule present mainly in leaves (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">Basantes 2016</xref> and <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">Chen <italic>et al.</italic> 2018</xref>). Values were between 0.25 and 0.52% for the leaves and 0.16 and 0.30% for the stems. According to <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">Torres (1999)</xref>, contents of 0.2% of magnesium in dry matter are considered acceptable concentrations of this element for the good physiological functioning of the plant. For this reason, concentrations found in this study, in some cases, are below those required by the plant, although the difference between the requirements and the found Mg contents is very low.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t6">
					<label>Table 6</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Magnesium content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 </title>
					</caption>
					<table>
						<colgroup>
							<col span="5"/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
								<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<th align="center">Mg Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">Mg Stem</th>
								<th align="center">Mg Leaf</th>
								<th align="center">Mg Stem</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.40ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.33<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.52<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.48<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.38<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>abc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.42<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.49<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.31<sup>c</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.04*</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.38ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.48ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.39ª</td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.26<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">0</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">-</td>
								<td align="justify">0.29<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">15</td>
								<td align="justify">0.30 <sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.24<sup>bc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">30</td>
								<td align="justify">0.33 <sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">45</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34 <sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>c</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">60</td>
								<td align="justify">0.32 <sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.21<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">75</td>
								<td align="justify">0.34 <sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">90</td>
								<td align="justify">0.35 <sup>ab</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.17<sup>ab</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">105</td>
								<td align="justify">0.37 <sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.38<sup>b</sup></td>
								<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td align="justify">SE±/Sign. </td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								<td align="justify">0.02**</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN7">
							<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
						</fn>
						<fn id="TFN8">
							<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 *P &lt;0.05</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>On the other hand, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha and Mc Dowell (2012)</xref> considered 0.20% of DM as a critical level for animal feed, so that for some ages of the plant, the results were below this value.</p>
			<p>It is concluded that contents of ash, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium had a variable performance with the regrowth age for all grazing cycles of biomass bank technology. Nitrogen content was reduced with the age of regrowth in all the fractions of the plant studied. The studied indicators had higher values in leaves than in stems for tillers and residue with their new growth. Phosphorus and magnesium contents found in leaves and stems for some regrowth ages were lower than those required for proper growth and development of the grass, so the use of maintenance fertilization might be necessary. It is recommended to use these results to design other management options.</p>
		</sec>
	</body>
	<back>
		<ref-list>
			<title>REFERENCES</title>
			<ref id="B1">
				<mixed-citation>Anon. 1989. Atlas Nacional de Cuba. (Ed). Instituto de Geografía de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba e Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografía. Impreso por el Instituto Geográfico Nacional de España.</mixed-citation>
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						<collab>Anon</collab>
					</person-group>
					<year>1989</year>
					<source>Atlas Nacional de Cuba</source>
					<person-group person-group-type="editor">
						<collab>Instituto de Geografía de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba e Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografía</collab>
					</person-group>
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				<mixed-citation>AOAC. 2016. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. 20th ed., Rockville, MD: AOAC International, ISBN: 978-0-935584-87-5, Available: <comment>Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.directtextbook.com/isbn/9780935584875">http://www.directtextbook.com/isbn/9780935584875</ext-link>
					</comment>, [Consulted: October 13, 2017].</mixed-citation>
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					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<collab>AOAC</collab>
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					<year>2016</year>
					<source>Official methods of analysis of AOAC International</source>
					<edition>20th ed.</edition>
					<publisher-loc>Rockville, MD</publisher-loc>
					<publisher-name>AOAC International</publisher-name>
					<isbn>978-0-935584-87-5</isbn>
					<comment>Available: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.directtextbook.com/isbn/9780935584875">http://www.directtextbook.com/isbn/9780935584875</ext-link>
					</comment>
					<date-in-citation content-type="access-date" iso-8601-date="2017-10-31">October 13, 2017</date-in-citation>
				</element-citation>
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			<ref id="B3">
				<mixed-citation>Basantes, E.R. 2016. Silvicultura y fisiología vegetal aplicada. David Andrade Aguirre (Ed.). Comisión Editorial de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE. Primera edición. ISBN: 978-9978-301-36-4. 439 p.</mixed-citation>
				<element-citation publication-type="book">
					<person-group person-group-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Basantes</surname>
							<given-names>E.R.</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<year>2016</year>
					<source>Silvicultura y fisiología vegetal aplicada</source>
					<person-group person-group-type="editor">
						<name>
							<surname>Andrade Aguirre</surname>
							<given-names>David</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<publisher-name>Comisión Editorial de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE</publisher-name>
					<edition>Primera edición</edition>
					<isbn>978-9978-301-36-4</isbn>
					<fpage>439</fpage>
					<lpage>439</lpage>
				</element-citation>
			</ref>
			<ref id="B4">
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	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="es">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>CIENCIA DE LOS PASTOS</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Composición mineral de <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 después del pastoreo utilizado como banco de biomasa</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Fortes</surname>
						<given-names>Dayleni</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2">*</xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Herrera</surname>
						<given-names>R. S.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>García</surname>
						<given-names>M.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Cruz</surname>
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					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Romero</surname>
						<given-names>Aida</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Aptdo. 24 San José de la Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba</institution>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>*</label>Email: <email>dfortes@ica.co.cu</email>
				</corresp>
			</author-notes>
			<abstract>
				<title>RESUMEN</title>
				<p>El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar la composición de algunos nutrientes minerales de <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 después del pastoreo cuando se utiliza como banco de biomasa. Para ello se utilizó un diseño de muestreo completamente aleatorizado con 15 repeticiones. Los tratamientos consistieron en la edad de rebrote o reposo del pasto a partir del momento de salida de los animales del potrero (tiempo cero) y de acuerdo con la tecnología de banco de biomasa. Los resultados indicaron que los contenidos de cenizas, calcio, fósforo y magnesio tuvieron un comportamiento variable, mientras que el nitrógeno se redujo con la edad de rebrote para todos los ciclos de pastoreo de la tecnología. Los contenidos de cenizas oscilaron entre 3.89 % y 15.41% (P&lt; 0.01), mientras que el calcio y el fósforo estuvieron entre 0.30 y 0.83 % (P&lt; 0.05) y entre 0.17 y 0.43% (P&lt; 0.05), respectivamente. Todos los indicadores estudiados tuvieron valores superiores en hojas que en tallos tanto para los hijos basales como para el residuo con su nuevo crecimiento. Los contenidos de fósforo y magnesio encontrados tanto en hojas como en tallos para algunas edades de rebrote fueron inferiores a los requeridos para el adecuado crecimiento y desarrollo de la gramínea, por lo que podría ser necesaria la utilización de fertilización de mantenimiento. Se recomienda usar estos resultados para diseñar otras opciones de manejo.</p>
			</abstract>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="es">
				<title>Palabras clave:</title>
				<kwd><italic>Cuba CT-115</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>cenizas</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>nitrógeno</italic></kwd>
				<kwd><italic>calcio y fósforo</italic></kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<sec sec-type="intro">
				<title>INTRODUCCIÓN</title>
				<p>El <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 se utiliza ampliamente en Cuba por sus características favorables de crecimiento, entre las que se encuentran: menor resistencia al corte, mayor cantidad de hojas, menor altura que el King grass y menor distancia entrenudos en la medida que avanza la edad. Por tal motivo, ofrece mejores posibilidades para su cosecha como banco de biomasa, incluyendo el pastoreo (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">Crespo y Martínez 2016</xref>).</p>
				<p>La composición mineral del pasto tiene gran importancia desde el punto de vista fisiológico ya que, es clave para establecer sistemas eficientes de nutrición y manejo de la planta (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">Bloom y Smith 2014</xref> y <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">Rogóz y Tabak 2017</xref>). Además constituye una fuente importante para el suministro básico de los elementos minerales, que son necesarios para la alimentación animal (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">French 2017</xref> y <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">Villalobos y Sánchez 2018</xref>).</p>
				<p>Teniendo en cuenta estos aspectos el objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la composición de algunos nutrientes minerales del <italic>C. purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 cuando se utiliza como banco de biomasa.</p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="materials|methods">
				<title>MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS</title>
				<p><italic>Ubicación, clima y suelo.</italic> La investigación se inició con la determinación de la homogeneidad del área y la forma de realizar el muestreo que permitiera obtener resultados confiables, precisos, repetibles y representativos (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">Fortes <italic>et al</italic>. 2007</xref>). El estudio se realizó en la vaquería B del Instituto de Ciencia Animal (ICA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, ubicada entre los 22º 53 LN y los 82º 02 LO, a 80 msnm (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">Anon 1989</xref>); en un cuartón previamente establecido de <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115. </p>
				<p>El suelo se clasificó como Pardo grisáceo mullido según <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">Hernández <italic>et al.</italic> (2015)</xref>. Antes de comenzar la etapa experimental se tomaron 10 muestras compuestas de suelo en las diagonales del largo del cuartón, entre 0 y 15 cm de profundidad, con una barrena helicoidal. Se secaron al aire, se homogeneizaron en un mortero y se pasaron por un tamiz con malla de 0,5 mm. Se envasaron en frascos de cristal con cierre hermético y se almacenaron a temperatura ambiente hasta su análisis. Se determinó la materia orgánica (Walkley y Black, citado por Jackson 1970), el nitrógeno (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">AOAC 2016</xref>), el fósforo (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">Oniani 1964</xref>), el calcio y el magnesio (Maslova, citado por <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">Paneque 1965</xref>). </p>
				<p>La composición química del suelo aparece en la <xref ref-type="table" rid="t7">tabla 1</xref>, los datos que se presentan son las medias de las muestras compuestas que se tomaron. El pH fue ligeramente ácido y los contenidos de N y K fueron relativamente bajos (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">Fortes 2013</xref>). </p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t7">
						<label>Table 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Chemical composition of soil of the experimental area</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col span="4"/>
								<col span="2"/>
								<col/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" colspan="4">% </th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">mg.100g -1 </th>
									<th align="center" rowspan="2">pH</th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center">N</th>
									<th align="center">OM</th>
									<th align="center">Ca</th>
									<th align="center">Mg</th>
									<th align="center">P</th>
									<th align="center">K</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="center">0.19</td>
									<td align="center">3.20</td>
									<td align="center">2.53</td>
									<td align="center">0.26</td>
									<td align="center">2.15</td>
									<td align="center">5.44</td>
									<td align="center">5.87</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p>En la <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">figura 1</xref> aparece el acumulado de precipitaciones y la temperatura promedio mensual, mínima y máxima durante el año de experimentación, datos que fueron tomados de la Estación Meteorológica del ICA. </p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f3">
						<label>Figure 1</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Performance of the accumulate of precipitations and temperatures during the experimental period</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2079-3480-cjas-53-04-425-gf3.gif"/>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p><italic>Tratamientos y diseño.</italic> Los tratamientos consistieron en las edades de rebrote o reposo del pasto a partir del momento de salida de los animales del potrero (tiempo cero) como sigue: 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 y 90 días de rebrote del ciclo uno de pastoreo; 0, 15, 30, 45 y 60 días de rebrote del ciclo dos; 0, 15, 30 y 45 días de rebrote del ciclo tres de pastoreo y 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 y 105 días de rebrote del ciclo cuatro de pastoreo (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t8">tabla 2</xref>); y de acuerdo con la tecnología de banco de biomasa (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">Martínez y Herrera 2006</xref>). Para la toma de muestras se realizó un estudio de homogeneidad del área seleccionada y se determinó el tamaño de muestras adecuado para el estudio morfofisiológico de <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 en pastoreo. Los resultados mostraron que el área resultó ser homogénea, y se determinó que 15 muestras (macollas como unidades experimentales) son suficientes para indicar con precisión el comportamiento de los indicadores en la población estudiada (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">Fortes <italic>et al</italic>. 2007</xref>).</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t8">
						<label>Table 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Distribution of rest cycles during the experiment</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col/>
								<col/>
								<col/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="left">Rest cycles</th>
									<th align="center">Date</th>
									<th align="center">Duration, days</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="left">Cycle 1</td>
									<td align="left">December 2006- March 2007</td>
									<td align="center">90</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="left">Cycle 2</td>
									<td align="left">March-May 2007</td>
									<td align="center">60</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="left">Cycle 3</td>
									<td align="left">May-July 2007</td>
									<td align="center">45</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="left">Cycle 4</td>
									<td align="left">August- November 2007</td>
									<td align="center">105</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p><italic>Procedimiento.</italic> Se utilizó un cuartón de 0.75 ha integrado a la tecnología de bancos de biomasa (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">Martínez y Herrera 2006</xref>). Se seleccionaron 15 muestras (macollas como unidades experimentales) a las edades de rebrote antes mencionadas para cada ciclo de pastoreo. Las macollas se separaron siempre en residuo (rechazo con su nuevo crecimiento) y rebrote (hijos basales). Luego se fraccionaron en hoja, tallo y material muerto (MM) del residuo y hoja y tallo del rebrote. </p>
				<p>Para el análisis químico las muestras fueron secadas a 60 °C en estufa de circulación de aire marca Memmert y molidas en un molino de martillo (Culatte typs MFC) con tamiz de 1 mm de diámetro, se envasaron en frascos de cristal herméticamente cerrados y se almacenaron a temperatura ambiente hasta su procesamiento.</p>
				<p>Se determinaron los contenidos de cenizas, nitrógeno (N), calcio (Ca), fósforo (P) y magnesio (Mg) según la metodología descrita por la <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">AOAC (2016)</xref>. </p>
				<p><italic>Análisis estadístico.</italic> Se efectuó análisis de varianza según diseño completamente aleatorizado y se empleó la dócima de <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan (1955)</xref> para la comparación de las medias en los casos necesarios, todos los análisis se realizaron por duplicado por tratamiento. Para el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó el paquete estadístico <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">IBM-SPSS, Versión 22 (2013)</xref>. </p>
			</sec>
			<sec sec-type="results|discussion">
				<title>RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN</title>
				<p>En la <xref ref-type="table" rid="t9">tabla 3</xref> aparecen los contenidos de cenizas para todos los ciclos de pastoreo durante el año de evaluación. Se observaron diferencias (P&lt;0.01) entre edades de rebrote tanto para las hojas como los tallos de los hijos basales y del residuo; excepto en las hojas de los hijos basales del ciclo tres de pastoreo. Las cenizas de las hojas generalmente fueron superiores a los tallos, y los valores oscilaron entre 3.89 % y 15.41%. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">Herrera <italic>et al</italic>. (2002)</xref> al estudiar este indicador en el CT-115 en condiciones de pastoreo encontraron mayores contenidos de cenizas en las hojas que los tallos y variaron entre 8-9% y desde 4.5 hasta 7%, respectivamente. Por su parte, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">Valenciaga <italic>et al</italic>. (2001)</xref> encontraron valores inferiores en las hojas de 4.01% y superiores en el tallo de 7.04%, lo cual podría deberse a las diferentes condiciones de manejo utilizadas.</p>
				<p>Por otra parte, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">Valenciaga <italic>et al.</italic> (2009)</xref> encontraron valores de cenizas en <italic>C. purpureus</italic> vc. Cuba CT-115 que se incrementaron con la edad, hasta 12.64% para 140 días de rebrote. Sin embargo, en este trabajo los contenidos fueron superiores a los reportados por estos autores y el comportamiento con la edad fue variable. Por su parte, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">Correa <italic>et al.</italic> (2016)</xref> obtuvieron en pasto kikuyo mayores contenidos de cenizas a los 45 días que a los 80 días de rebrote; mientras que <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">Kozloski <italic>et al</italic>. (2005)</xref> en muestras de <italic>C</italic>. <italic>purpureus</italic> vc. Mott cosechado entre 30 y 90 días de rebrote no encontraron grandes diferencias en este indicador. </p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t9">
						<label>Table 3</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Contents of ash (%) in <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col span="5"/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="justify" rowspan="2">Age, Days</th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="justify">Ash leaf</th>
									<th align="justify">Ash stem</th>
									<th align="justify">Ash leaf</th>
									<th align="justify">Ash stem</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">12.97<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">4.02<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">9.57ª</td>
									<td align="justify">5.10ª</td>
									<td align="justify">12.34ª</td>
									<td align="justify">3.89ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">8.94<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">8.62<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.29ª</td>
									<td align="justify">4.94<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">8.76<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">8.16<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.37ª</td>
									<td align="justify">4.45<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">8.44<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">8.94<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.50ª</td>
									<td align="justify">4.89<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">8.56<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">8.30<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">14.21<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.25<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">8.52<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.95<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.77ª</td>
									<td align="justify">4.69<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21***</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">11.33ª</td>
									<td align="justify">6.35ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">11.83<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.32ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">10.52ª</td>
									<td align="justify">5.02ª</td>
									<td align="justify">12.49<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.43<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">10.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">9.34<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.78<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.50<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">8.96<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">10.34<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">11.96<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.67<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.14***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.20***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.18**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.17**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">4.47ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">12.05</td>
									<td align="justify">5.37ª</td>
									<td align="justify">13.77ª</td>
									<td align="justify">5.00<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">12.33</td>
									<td align="justify">6.17ª</td>
									<td align="justify">14.03<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.11<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">11.89</td>
									<td align="justify">8.27<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">15.12<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.25<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">11.25</td>
									<td align="justify">7.65<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">15.35<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.53<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34</td>
									<td align="justify">0.30**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0 </td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">15.41ª</td>
									<td align="justify">5.48<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15 </td>
									<td align="justify">11.52<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.85<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">14.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.71ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30 </td>
									<td align="justify">12.08<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">8.13<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">13.85<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.16<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45 </td>
									<td align="justify">11.53<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">9.25<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">13.13<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">6.64ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60 </td>
									<td align="justify">12.30<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">7.07<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">14.67<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">4.58<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75 </td>
									<td align="justify">10.17ª</td>
									<td align="justify">4.34ª</td>
									<td align="justify">13.91<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">4.11<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90 </td>
									<td align="justify">11.15<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">12.91<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">4.91<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">105 </td>
									<td align="justify">11.16<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">5.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">13.50<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">4.65<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">EE±/Sign. </td>
									<td align="justify">0.25***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.43***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26***</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
						<table-wrap-foot>
							<fn id="TFN9">
								<p><sup>abc</sup>Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
							</fn>
							<fn id="TFN10">
								<p>***P &lt;0.001 ** P &lt;0.01</p>
							</fn>
						</table-wrap-foot>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p>En la <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">figura 2</xref> aparecen los contenidos de nitrógeno para todos los ciclos de pastoreo estudiados. El nitrógeno tuvo mayor valor en hojas que en tallos tanto en hijos basales como en el residuo. El contenido de nitrógeno tuvo una tendencia de reducción en la planta con la edad. </p>
				<p>Esto ocurre porque este nutriente es de mayor importancia en las partes más jóvenes. Su absorción es cada vez menor cuando fisiológicamente la planta envejece o llega a su estado de madurez. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">Gándara <italic>et al.</italic> (2017)</xref> también encontró reducciones del nitrógeno y la proteína con la edad del pasto. En este sentido, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">Pérez <italic>et al.</italic> (2004)</xref> afirman que el contenido de nitrógeno en las plantas disminuye durante el crecimiento, y presenta una alta correlación con la acumulación de materia seca, más que otros indicadores y para cualquier estadio de crecimiento y edad de rebrote, estos autores encontraron reducciones de los contenidos de N en hojas de Brachiaria híbrido en la medida que avanzó la edad de la planta.</p>
				<p>
					<fig id="f4">
						<label>Figure 2</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Nitrogen content (%) of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
						</caption>
						<graphic xlink:href="2079-3480-cjas-53-04-425-gf4.jpg"> </graphic>
					</fig>
				</p>
				<p>En la <xref ref-type="table" rid="t10">tabla 4</xref> aparecen los contenidos de calcio en los cuatro ciclos de pastoreo de la tecnología. En todos los casos se observaron diferencias (P&lt;0.05) con la edad de rebrote, tanto en las hojas como en tallos, excepto en la hoja del residuo del ciclo uno de pastoreo, los valores oscilaron entre 0.30 y 0.83 % de la MS. A pesar de las diferencias significativas encontradas entre edades, la variación entre ellas estuvo en un rango estrecho. En este sentido, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">Valenciaga <italic>et al.</italic> (2009)</xref> no encontraron diferencias entre edades de rebrote para este indicador en el Cuba CT-115.Los contenidos de calcio siempre fueron superiores en hojas a 0.30 % de la MS, nivel establecido por <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha y Mc Dowell (2012)</xref> como crítico para la alimentación animal. Resultados similares fueron reportados por <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">Clavero <italic>et al</italic>. (1994)</xref>.</p>
				<p>Los valores de los contenidos de calcio encontrados en hoja siempre fueron superiores a los tallos. Resultados similares a estos fueron reportados por <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">Herrera <italic>et al.</italic> (2008)</xref> para todas las variedades de Cenchrus estudiadas incluida la de este estudio. Dicho comportamiento resulta contradictorio si se tiene en cuenta que el calcio desempeña un importante papel como elemento cementante en la pared celular y es precisamente en las hojas, donde se encuentra el menor contenido de pared celular.</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t10">
						<label>Table 4</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Calcium content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 </title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col span="5"/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center">Ca Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">Ca Stem</th>
									<th align="center">Ca Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">Ca Stem</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.79</td>
									<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.47ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.82</td>
									<td align="justify">0.54<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.69<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.82</td>
									<td align="justify">0.62<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.70<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.54<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.83</td>
									<td align="justify">0.58<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.64ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.58<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.82</td>
									<td align="justify">0.60<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.65<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.53<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.79</td>
									<td align="justify">0.64<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.64<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.82</td>
									<td align="justify">0.65<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.41ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.42ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.40<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.43ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.63<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.29ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.34ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.38<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.371<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.004***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.63ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.45ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.48ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.39<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.63ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.46ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.57<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.31<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.31ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.49<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.40<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.60<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.38ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.52ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.54ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.37ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.55<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.51ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.58ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.61<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.31ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.54ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.63<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.33<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">105</td>
									<td align="justify">0.52<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.33<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.62<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.31<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
						<table-wrap-foot>
							<fn id="TFN11">
								<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
							</fn>
							<fn id="TFN12">
								<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 * P &lt;0.05</p>
							</fn>
						</table-wrap-foot>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p>Para todos los ciclos de pastoreo los contenidos de fósforo (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t11">tabla 5</xref>) mostraron diferencias (P&lt;0.05) de este indicador con la edad de rebrote. En las hojas, los contenidos de fósforo mostraron una reducción (P &lt;0.01) con la edad de la planta, excepto para el ciclo uno de pastoreo, los valores oscilaron entre 0.17 y 0.43% de la MS. En el caso de los tallos, no hubo una tendencia fija a incrementarse o reducirse con la edad sino que en todos los casos los tenores fueron variables y oscilaron entre 0.15 y 0.26% de la MS. En la literatura se reportan reducciones de este elemento con la edad de la planta (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">Santiago <italic>et al.</italic> 2016</xref>), sin embargo en este trabajo el comportamiento fue variable.</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t11">
						<label>Table 5</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Phosphorus content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>Cenchrus purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115</title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col span="5"/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center">P Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">P Stem</th>
									<th align="center">P Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">P Stem</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.19ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bcd</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.33ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.17<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.27<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.26ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.43ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.33ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.22ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.27<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.18ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.15ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.16<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.20<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.16<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.17<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.17<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.18<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">105</td>
									<td align="justify">0.20<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign. </td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
						<table-wrap-foot>
							<fn id="TFN13">
								<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
							</fn>
							<fn id="TFN14">
								<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 * P &lt;0.05</p>
							</fn>
						</table-wrap-foot>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p>Las hojas presentaron mayores valores de fósforo que los tallos de forma general. Este comportamiento resulta lógico si tenemos en cuenta las múltiples funciones que desarrolla este elemento en el metabolismo vegetal, ya que forma parte de una amplia gama de moléculas como azúcares fosfatos, ácidos nucleicos, coenzimas, entre otras, además de que controla diferentes procesos metabólicos que ocurren fundamentalmente en las hojas de la planta (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">Gardner <italic>et al.</italic> 2017</xref> y <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">Malhotra <italic>et al.</italic> 2018</xref>).</p>
				<p>Los requerimientos de fósforo para el óptimo crecimiento de las plantas están en el rango de 0,3 a 0,5% de la materia seca para el periodo de crecimiento vegetativo según Vistoso <italic>et al.</italic> (2017). Sin embargo, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">Epstein y Bloom (2005)</xref>, así como <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">Domínguez <italic>et al.</italic> (2012)</xref> consideran que un contenido superior a 0,2% de la masa seca constituye un nivel tisular adecuado de fósforo en las plantas. Teniendo esto en consideración para algunas edades de rebrote el fósforo estuvo por debajo de los niveles adecuados para el metabolismo por lo que se podría sugerir el uso de fertilización fosfórica al suelo para suplir esta deficiencia en la planta. Para la alimentación animal se considera como nivel crítico valores inferiores a 0,25% de la MS (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha y Mc Dowell 2012</xref>), en algunos ciclos de pastoreo se encontraron valores inferiores a este, por lo que es posible que se necesite algún tipo de suplementación en los animales para cubrir este déficit.</p>
				<p>Los contenidos de magnesio siempre fueron superiores en las hojas que en los tallos (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t12">tabla 6</xref>). Los cloroplastos de las plantas son ricos en Mg pues la principal función de este elemento, es su rol como átomo central de la molécula de clorofila presente fundamentalmente en las hojas de las plantas (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">Basantes 2016</xref> y <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">Chen <italic>et al.</italic> 2018</xref>). Los valores estuvieron entre 0.25 y 0.52 % para las hojas y 0.16 y 0.30 % para los tallos. Según <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">Torres (1999)</xref> contenidos de 0.2 % de magnesio en la MS se consideran concentraciones aceptables de este elemento para el buen funcionamiento fisiológico de la planta. Por tal motivo, las concentraciones encontradas en el trabajo en algunos casos están por debajo de las necesarias por la planta, aunque la diferencia entre los requerimientos y los contenidos de Mg encontrados es muy baja.</p>
				<p>Por su parte, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">Cunha y Mc Dowell (2012)</xref> consideran como nivel crítico para la alimentación animal 0,20% de la MS, por lo que también para algunas edades de la planta los resultados fueron inferiores a este valor.</p>
				<p>
					<table-wrap id="t12">
						<label>Table 6</label>
						<caption>
							<title>Magnesium content (%) in leaves and stems of <italic>C. purpureus</italic> cv. Cuba CT-115 </title>
						</caption>
						<table>
							<colgroup>
								<col span="5"/>
							</colgroup>
							<thead>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 1 (December-March) </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center" rowspan="2">Age, days</th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Tillers </th>
									<th align="center" colspan="2">Residue </th>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<th align="center">Mg Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">Mg Stem</th>
									<th align="center">Mg Leaf</th>
									<th align="center">Mg Stem</th>
								</tr>
							</thead>
							<tbody>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.40ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.33<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.52<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.48<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.47<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.38<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 2 (March-May) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>abc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.28<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.42<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>bc</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.20ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.49<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.31<sup>c</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.04*</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 3 (May-July) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.24ª</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.50ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.27<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.38ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.48ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.39ª</td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.26<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.30<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>b</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign.</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01**</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01*</td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="center" colspan="5">Cycle 4 (August-November) </td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">0</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">-</td>
									<td align="justify">0.29<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">15</td>
									<td align="justify">0.30 <sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.19<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.24<sup>bc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">30</td>
									<td align="justify">0.33 <sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">45</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34 <sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>c</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">60</td>
									<td align="justify">0.32 <sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.23<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.34<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.21<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">75</td>
									<td align="justify">0.34 <sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.25<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.36<sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.22<sup>abc</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">90</td>
									<td align="justify">0.35 <sup>ab</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.37<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.17<sup>ab</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">105</td>
									<td align="justify">0.37 <sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.38<sup>b</sup></td>
									<td align="justify">0.16<sup>a</sup></td>
								</tr>
								<tr>
									<td align="justify">SE±/Sign. </td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.01***</td>
									<td align="justify">0.02**</td>
								</tr>
							</tbody>
						</table>
						<table-wrap-foot>
							<fn id="TFN15">
								<p><sup>abc</sup> Values with different letters per column differ at P &lt;0.05 (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">Duncan 1955</xref>)</p>
							</fn>
							<fn id="TFN16">
								<p>***P &lt;0.001 **P &lt;0.01 *P &lt;0.05</p>
							</fn>
						</table-wrap-foot>
					</table-wrap>
				</p>
				<p>Se concluye que los contenidos de cenizas, calcio, fósforo y magnesio tuvieron un comportamiento variable con la edad de rebrote para todos los ciclos de pastoreo de la tecnología de banco de biomasa. El contenido de nitrógeno se redujo con la edad de rebrote en todas las fracciones de la planta estudiadas. Los indicadores estudiados tuvieron valores superiores en hojas que en tallos tanto para los hijos basales como para el residuo con su nuevo crecimiento. Los contenidos de fósforo y magnesio encontrados tanto en hojas como en tallos para algunas edades de rebrote fueron inferiores a los requeridas para el adecuado crecimiento y desarrollo de la gramínea, por lo que podría ser necesaria la utilización de fertilización de mantenimiento. Se recomienda usar estos resultados para diseñar otras opciones de manejo.</p>
			</sec>
		</body>
	</sub-article>
</article>